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The Boeing S-307 is the world's first commercial airliner with a pressurized cabin, designed and developed in the United States. Nicknamed the Stratoliner, this aircraft first flew in 1938, and a total of ten were built. It was the first airliner to be able to provide a comfortable flight with a pressurized cabin, even when flying at an altitude of 6,100 meters to avoid bad weather. The main wing, tail wing and landing gear adapted from the B-17 bomber manufactured by the same company have many similarities in the airframe structure, and the pressurization technology for the S-307 had also been used in the B-29. When the United States entered World War II, the S-307 was recruited for military use and operated as a transport aircraft; it was also purchased by Howard Hughes.
The U.S. Army Air Corps assigned the designation C-75 to five S-307s that were scheduled to be delivered to Trans World Airlines in 1942 and diverted to military use; the pressurization equipment was removed and fuel tanks were added.